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| Kazi Nazrul Islam |
Kazi Nazrul Islam (24 May
1899 – 29 August 1976) was a Bengali artist, author, performer, and
progressive. He is the national writer of Bangladesh. Famously known as Nazrul,
he created a substantial assemblage of verse and music with topics that
included religious dedication and profound defiance to one party rule and
mistreatment. Nazrul's activism for political and social equity earned him the
title of "Radical Poet". His arrangements frame the cutting edge kind
of Nazrul Sangeet (Music of Nazrul). Notwithstanding being respected in
Bangladesh, he is similarly celebrated and worshipped in India, particularly in
the Bengali-talking conditions of West Bengal and Tripura.
Conceived in a Bengali
Muslim Kazi family, Nazrul Islam got religious instruction and as a young
fellow filled in as a muezzin at a nearby mosque. He found out about verse,
dramatization, and writing while at the same time working with the country
showy gathering Letor Dal. He joined the British Indian Army in 1917. In the
wake of serving in the British Indian Army in the Middle East (Mesopotamian
crusade) amid World War I, Nazrul built up himself as a writer in Calcutta. He
pounced upon the British Raj in India and lectured insurgency through his
beautiful works, for example, Bidrohi (The Rebel) and Bhangar Gaan (The Song of
Destruction), and his production Dhumketu (The Comet). His patriot activism in
Indian freedom development prompted his successive detainment by the pioneer
British experts. While in jail, Nazrul composed the Rajbandir Jabanbandi
(Deposition of a Political Prisoner). Investigating the life and states of the
discouraged masses of the Indian subcontinent, Nazrul worked for their
liberation. His compositions incredibly propelled Bengalis of East Pakistan
amid the Bangladesh Liberation War. Bangladeshi artistic commentator Azfar
Hussain described Kazi Nazrul Islam as one of the best progressive artists on
the planet.
Nazrul's compositions investigate
topics, for example, adore, opportunity, humankind and transformation. He
contradicted all types of bias and fundamentalism, including religious, rank
based and sex based. All through his profession, Nazrul composed short stories,
books, and expositions yet is best known for his melodies and sonnets. He
spearheaded new music structures, for example, Bengali ghazals. Nazrul composed
and made music for almost 4,000 tunes (many recorded on HMV, gramophone
records), all in all known as Nazrul Geeti, which are broadly famous even today
in Bangladesh and India. In 1942 at 43 years old he started to experience the
ill effects of an obscure malady, losing his voice and memory. A therapeutic
group in Vienna analyzed the ailment as Morbus Pick, an uncommon serious
neurodegenerative illness. It made Nazrul's wellbeing decay relentlessly and
constrained him to live in seclusion in India (he was additionally conceded in
Ranchi (Jharkhand) mental healing facility for a long time. At the welcome of
the Government of Bangladesh, Nazrul and his family moved to Dhaka in 1972. He
passed on four years after the fact, on 29 August 1976. Both Bangladesh and the
territory of West Bengal (India) watched grieving for his death.
In a 2004 BBC survey, Nazrul
was voted number 3 of every a rundown of the Greatest Bengali Of All Time.
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| Family of Kazi Nazrul Islam |
Kazi Nazrul Islam was
conceived on Friday 26 May 1899 at 10:20 am in the town of Churulia in the
Asansol Sadar subdivision, Paschim Bardhaman locale of the Bengal Presidency
(now in West Bengal, India). He was naturally introduced to a Muslim Taluqdar
family and was the second of three children and a little girl. Nazrul's dad
Kazi Faqeer Ahmed was the imam and guardian of the neighborhood mosque and
catacomb. Nazrul's mom was Zahida Khatun. Nazrul had two siblings, Kazi
Saahibjaan and Kazi Ali Hussain, and a sister, Umme Kulsum. He was nicknamed
Dukhu Miañ (truly, "the one with sadness", or "Mr. Tragic
Man"). Nazrul learned at a maktab and madrasa keep running by a mosque and
a dargah, separately, where he examined the Quran, Hadith, Islamic rationality,
and philosophy. His family was crushed by the passing of his dad in 1908. At
the youthful age of ten, Nazrul assumed his dad's position as a guardian of the
mosque to help his family, and in addition helping instructors in school. He
later needed to fill in as the muezzin at the mosque.
Pulled in to people theater,
Nazrul joined a leto (voyaging dramatic gathering) keep running by his uncle
Fazle Karim. He worked and went with them, figuring out how to act, and also
composing tunes and lyrics for the plays and musicals. Through his work and
encounters, Nazrul started learning Bengali and Sanskrit writing, and Hindu
sacred texts, for example, the Puranas. Nazrul created numerous society plays
for his gathering, which included Chāshār Shōng ("the dramatization of a
worker"), and plays about characters from the Mahabharata including
Shokunībōdh ("the Killing of Shakuni,"), Rājā Judhisthirer Shōng
("the show of King Yudhishthira" ), Dātā Kōrno ("the generous
Karna"), Ākbōr Bādshāh ("Akbar the head"), Kobi Kālidās
("writer Kalidas"), Bidyan Hutum ("the educated owl"), and
Rājputrer Shōng ("the sovereign's distress").
In 1910 Nazrul left the
troupe and enlisted at the Searsole Raj High School in Raniganj. Here he was
impacted by his instructor, progressive and Jugantar dissident Nibaran Chandra
Ghatak, and started a long lasting kinship with kindred creator Sailajananda
Mukhopadhyay, who was his colleague. He later exchanged to the Mathrun High
English School, examining under the dean and writer Kumudranjan Mallik. Unfit
to keep paying his school expenses, Nazrul left the school and joined a
gathering of kaviyals. Later he took occupations as a cook at Wahid's, a
notable bread kitchen of the area, and at a tea slow down in the town of
Asansol. In 1914 Nazrul contemplated in the Darirampur School (now Jatiya Kabi
Kazi Nazrul Islam University) in Trishal, Mymensingh District. Among different
subjects, Nazrul examined Bengali, Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian writing and
Hindustani established music under educators who were awed by his commitment
and aptitude.
Nazrul contemplated up to
review 10 yet did not show up for the registration pre-test examination;
rather, he enrolled in the British Indian Army in 1917 at eighteen years old.
He had two essential inspirations for joining the British Indian Army: initial,
an energetic want for experience and, second, an enthusiasm for the legislative
issues of the time. Connected to the 49th Bengal Regiment, he was presented on
the cantonment in Karachi, where he composed his first writing and verse. In
spite of the fact that he never observed dynamic battling, he ascended in rank
from corporal to havildar (sergeant), and filled in as officer for his unit.Amid this period, Nazrul
read broadly and was profoundly affected by Rabindranath Tagore and Sarat
Chandra Chattopadhyay, and in addition the Persian artists Hafez, Rumi and Omar
Khayyam. He learnt Persian verse from the regiment's Punjabi moulvi, rehearsed
music, and sought after his abstract advantages. His first writing work,
"Baunduler Atmakahini" , was distributed in May 1919. His sonnet
"Mukti" ("Freedom") was distributed by the "Bengali
Muslim Literary Journal" in July 1919.
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| Kazi Nazrul Islam |
Nazrul joined the British
Indian armed force in 1917 and left in 1920 when the 49th Bengal Regiment was
disbanded. what's more, settled in Calcutta, which was then the "social
capital" of India (it had stopped to be the political capital in 1911). He
joined the staff of the Bangiya Mussalman Sahitya Samiti ("Bengali Muslim
Literary Society") and lives at 32 College Street with associates. He
distributed his first novel Bandhan-hara (Freedom from Bondage) in 1920, on
which he kept on working throughout the following seven years. His first
gathering of sonnets, which included "Bodhan", "Pooed
il-Arab", "Kheya-parer Tarani", and "Badal Prater
Sharab", got basic approval.
Working at the abstract
society, Nazrul developed near other youthful Muslim journalists including
Mohammad Mozammel Haq, Afzalul Haq, Kazi Abdul Wadud and Muhammad Shahidullah.
He was customary at the clubs for Calcutta's essayists, writers and intelligent
people, for example, the Gajendar Adda and the Bharatiya Adda. Notwithstanding
numerous distinctions, Nazrul looked to Rabindranath Tagore as a coach, and
Nazrul and Muhammad Shahidullah stayed close for the duration of their lives.
In 1921, Nazrul was locked in to be hitched to Nargis, the niece of an
outstanding Muslim distributer, Ali Akbar Khan, in Daulatpur, Comilla. On 18
June 1921, the day of the wedding, upon open request by Khan that the
expression "Nazrul must dwell in Daulatpur after marriage" be
incorporated into the marriage contract, Nazrul left the service.
Nazrul achieved the pinnacle
of acclaim in 1922 with Bidrohi, which remains his most well known work,
winning the profound respect of India's abstract classes for his depiction of a
dissident as somebody whose effect is wild and heartless even as his soul is
profound. Distributed in the Bijli magazine, the insubordinate dialect and
topic were generally welcomed, matching with the Non-Cooperation Movement – the
primary mass patriot battle of common noncompliance against British run the
show. Nazrul investigates the diverse powers at work in an agitator, destroyer,
and preserver who can express fierceness and additionally excellence and
affectability. He followed up by composing Pralayollas (Destructive Euphoria),
and his first collection of sonnets, the Agniveena (Lyre of Fire) in 1922, which appreciated business and
basic achievement. He additionally distributed his first volume of short
stories, the Byather Dan (Gift of Sorrow ), and
Yugbani, a treasury of expositions.
Nazrul began an every other
week magazine, distributing the principal Dhumketu on 12 August 1922. Gaining the moniker of the
"dissident artist", Nazrul stirred the doubt of British experts.
"Anondomoyeer Agomone", a political sonnet distributed in Dhumketu in
September 1922, prompted a police assault on the magazine's office.
On 14 April 1923, he was
exchanged from the correctional facility in Alipore to Hooghly in Kolkata. He
started a 40-day quick to challenge abuse by the British correctional facility
director, breaking his quick over a month later and in the end being rel